Page Object Model in Cypress: Best Practices

When your Cypress test suite starts growing, managing selectors and test logic becomes difficult. That’s where the Page Object Model (POM) comes in — a design pattern that helps organize your test code by separating UI element locators and interactions from actual test steps.

🧱 What is Page Object Model?

The Page Object Model is a design pattern that:

• Encapsulates selectors and actions for a specific page into a separate file (a “page object”).
• Improves code readability and reusability.
• Makes it easy to update selectors in one place when the UI changes.

🗂️ Cypress Folder Structure with POM

Here’s an example folder structure:

cypress/
├── e2e/
│   └── login.cy.js
├── pages/
│   └── LoginPage.js

📄 Example: LoginPage.js

export class LoginPage {
  emailInput() {
    return cy.get('input[name="email"]')
  }

  passwordInput() {
    return cy.get('input[name="password"]')
  }

  submitButton() {
    return cy.get('button[type="submit"]')
  }

  login(email, password) {
    this.emailInput().type(email)
    this.passwordInput().type(password)
    this.submitButton().click()
  }
}

🧪 Example: login.cy.js

import { LoginPage } from '../pages/LoginPage'

describe('Login Test', () => {
  const loginPage = new LoginPage()

  it('should login successfully', () => {
    cy.visit('/login')
    loginPage.login('user@example.com', 'securepassword')
    cy.url().should('include', '/dashboard')
  })
})

✅ Best Practices

• Keep selectors private inside the page object.
• Group related actions into meaningful methods.
• Use descriptive method names like loginAsAdmin() or fillRegistrationForm().

🚀 Final Thoughts

Implementing Page Object Model in Cypress helps you:

• Avoid repetitive code
• Keep your test scripts clean and readable
• Maintain large test suites with ease

As your project grows, POM becomes essential for maintainability. Start small, and scale as your app evolves!

Next in Series: Using Fixtures in Cypress for Test Data Management